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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

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When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
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IR Spectrum01:19

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When infrared (IR) radiation passes through a molecule, the bonds stretch or bend by absorbing the radiation. This absorption creates the molecule's absorption spectrum, which is the plot of its percentage transmittance versus wavenumber.
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
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Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission01:14

Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission

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Molecules possess discrete energy levels called quantum states. Unlike atoms, which have simpler energy levels, molecules possess additional rotational and vibrational energy levels.  Each energy level is separated by an energy gap, with the gaps between adjacent electronic, vibrational, and rotational levels varying significantly. The three types of energy levels in a diatomic molecule are shown in Figure 1.
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Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview01:11

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview

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The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
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Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing
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Multi-species sensing using multi-mode absorption spectroscopy with mid-infrared interband cascade lasers.

S O'Hagan1, J H Northern1, B Gras2

  • 11Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU UK.

Applied Physics. B, Lasers and Optics
|May 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interband cascade lasers (ICLs) enable multi-mode absorption spectroscopy (MUMAS) for precise gas sensing. This technique accurately measures gas pressures and detects multiple species simultaneously with high sensitivity.

Keywords:
Allan VarianceCavity LengthInterference FilterMinimum Detection LimitQuantum Cascade Laser

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Laser Technology
  • Environmental Monitoring

Background:

  • Mid-infrared spectroscopy is crucial for chemical analysis.
  • Interband cascade lasers (ICLs) offer unique properties for spectroscopic applications.
  • Multi-mode absorption spectroscopy (MUMAS) provides a framework for broadband spectral analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the application of interband cascade lasers (ICLs) to multi-mode absorption spectroscopy (MUMAS) in the mid-infrared region.
  • To characterize ICL performance and assess MUMAS capabilities for gas sensing.
  • To demonstrate multi-species detection and quantify gas concentrations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ICLs for mid-infrared spectroscopy.
  • Employed MUMAS to record multi-line spectra of gases like methane.
  • Calibrated pressure measurements using a capacitance manometer.
  • Performed multi-species sensing of methane, acetylene, and formaldehyde mixtures.

Main Results:

  • Measured individual ICL mode linewidths between 10-80 MHz.
  • Achieved methane pressure measurements with 1.1% uncertainty.
  • Demonstrated simultaneous detection of three gases with 10% experimental error for partial pressures.
  • Estimated a potential minimum detection limit of ~100 ppmv for MUMAS at atmospheric pressure.

Conclusions:

  • ICLs are effective sources for MUMAS in the mid-infrared.
  • MUMAS, powered by ICLs, offers precise gas quantification and multi-species detection capabilities.
  • The technique shows promise for sensitive environmental monitoring and chemical analysis.