Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

83.0K
Overview
83.0K
Humoral Immune Responses01:36

Humoral Immune Responses

83.0K
Overview
83.0K
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

1.3K
Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
1.3K
What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

125.7K
Overview
125.7K
Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

32.7K
Overview
32.7K
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

6.2K
Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
6.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Transient Overexpression of pVHL Mediated by Adenoviral Vector Injection in Pancreatic Tissue Decreases Blood Glucose Levels in a Hypercaloric Diet-Induced Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Outpatient Delivery of Step-Up Doses to Rapidly Initiate Monthly Doses of Bispecific Antibodies in Multiple Myeloma.

European journal of haematology·2026
Same author

Coagulation Factors in Mexican Children, Young Adults and Older Adults.

Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis·2026
Same author

Familial Cases of Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease-Hemostatic and Molecular Markers.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Frequency of T Regulatory Cells Subpopulations in Hemophilia A Patients with Inhibitors.

Hamostaseologie·2026
Same author

IL-1β Controls Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis Through the PI3K/AKT/Src/NF-κB Pathway in Leukaemic Lymphoblasts.

Biomedicines·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 22, 2025

Induction of Alloantigen-specific Anergy in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Alloantigen Stimulation with Co-stimulatory Signal Blockade
11:55

Induction of Alloantigen-specific Anergy in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Alloantigen Stimulation with Co-stimulatory Signal Blockade

Published on: March 14, 2011

14.8K

Pathophysiology of Alloimmunization.

Rubiraida Molina-Aguilar1,2,3, Soledad Gómez-Ruiz1, Jorge Vela-Ojeda1,2,3

  • 1Morphology Department, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico.

Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy : Offizielles Organ Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Fur Transfusionsmedizin Und Immunhamatologie
|May 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Alloimmunization in polytransfused patients is linked to immune system alterations. Key findings include a lower CD4/CD8 ratio, increased B lymphocytes, and fewer regulatory T (Treg) cells, indicating immune dysregulation.

Keywords:
AlloantibodiesAlloimmunizationB lymphocytesRegulatory lymphocytesTransfusion

More Related Videos

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood
09:47

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Published on: November 21, 2014

13.5K
Measurement of T Cell Alloreactivity Using Imaging Flow Cytometry
09:04

Measurement of T Cell Alloreactivity Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: April 19, 2017

13.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 22, 2025

Induction of Alloantigen-specific Anergy in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Alloantigen Stimulation with Co-stimulatory Signal Blockade
11:55

Induction of Alloantigen-specific Anergy in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Alloantigen Stimulation with Co-stimulatory Signal Blockade

Published on: March 14, 2011

14.8K
Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood
09:47

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Published on: November 21, 2014

13.5K
Measurement of T Cell Alloreactivity Using Imaging Flow Cytometry
09:04

Measurement of T Cell Alloreactivity Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: April 19, 2017

13.8K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Transfusion Medicine

Background:

  • Alloimmunization occurs when donor erythrocytes with foreign antigens trigger an immune response.
  • Understanding the pathophysiology of alloimmunization is crucial for managing associated clinical complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate immune system alterations, specifically lymphocyte subsets, in polytransfused patients experiencing alloimmunization.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted irregular antibody screening on 1,434 polytransfused patients.
  • Utilized flow cytometry to analyze B, T, and Treg lymphocyte subsets in 44 alloimmunized patients and matched controls.

Main Results:

  • Alloimmunized patients showed a decreased CD4/CD8 ratio (0.7 vs. 1.6) and increased B lymphocytes (30% vs. 20%).
  • A significant reduction in regulatory T (Treg) CD4+ lymphocytes was observed in alloimmunized individuals (3 vs. 12 cells/μL).
  • Common alloantibodies identified include non-specific, anti-Diª, anti-e, and anti-S.

Conclusions:

  • Alloimmunized patients exhibit significant immune dysregulation characterized by a low CD4/CD8 ratio, elevated B lymphocytes, and Treg lymphocyte deficiency.