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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:37

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

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Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 22, 2025

Measurement of Protein Turnover Rates in Senescent and Non-Dividing Cultured Cells with Metabolic Labeling and Mass Spectrometry
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Epigenetic changes during ageing and their underlying mechanisms.

Deisi L Braga1,2, Felippe Mousovich-Neto1, Guilherme Tonon-da-Silva1,2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil.

Biogerontology
|May 2, 2020
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Summary

Epigenetics, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, plays a critical role in biological aging and age-related diseases. Epigenetic reprogramming offers a promising avenue for interventions to promote healthspan and lifespan.

Keywords:
AgeingDNA methylationEpigeneticsHistone modificationNon-coding RNAsmiRNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Biogerontology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Increasing global life expectancy highlights the growing challenge of age-related diseases.
  • Understanding the biological mechanisms of aging is crucial for developing effective interventions.
  • Epigenetics is recognized as a key factor in the aging process, influencing biological age and inheritance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the involvement of various epigenetic mechanisms in the aging process.
  • To explore the potential of epigenetic reprogramming for treating age-related disorders.
  • To highlight interventions that modulate epigenetics for improved healthspan and lifespan.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on epigenetics and aging.
  • Analysis of evidence linking epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs) to age-related phenotypes.
  • Examination of studies on epigenetic reprogramming and its therapeutic potential.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and small non-coding RNAs, are demonstrably linked to age-related phenotypes.
  • Epigenetic alterations serve as reliable markers of biological age.
  • The inherent reversibility of epigenetic changes suggests potential for therapeutic interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic mechanisms are fundamental to the aging process and age-related diseases.
  • Epigenetic reprogramming presents a viable strategy for developing interventions against age-related conditions.
  • Modulating epigenetic factors holds promise for extending healthspan and lifespan.