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Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
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High-Frequency Sound in a Unitary Fermi Gas.

C C N Kuhn1, S Hoinka1, I Herrera1

  • 1ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Centre for Quantum and Optical Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia.

Physical Review Letters
|May 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We studied the phonon mode in a unitary Fermi gas, finding it behaves like sound in liquid helium. The phonon mode transforms from a clear Bogoliubov-Anderson phonon below the critical temperature to a damped collisional mode above it.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Ultracold atomic gases

Background:

  • Unitary Fermi gases exhibit superfluidity, a quantum mechanical phenomenon.
  • Understanding collective excitations like phonons is crucial for characterizing superfluids.
  • Superfluid critical temperature (Tc) marks the transition to the superfluid state.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally and theoretically investigate the phonon mode in a unitary Fermi gas.
  • To understand the temperature dependence of the phonon mode across the superfluid critical temperature.
  • To compare the behavior of the phonon mode in a Fermi gas to other superfluids like liquid helium.

Main Methods:

  • Two-photon Bragg spectroscopy was employed to measure excitation spectra.
  • Measurements were conducted at a momentum of approximately half the Fermi momentum.
  • A theoretical model based on quasiparticle random phase approximation was used for comparison.

Main Results:

  • Below Tc, the dominant excitation is the Bogoliubov-Anderson (BA) phonon mode.
  • The temperature dependence of the BA phonon is consistent with theoretical predictions.
  • Above Tc, the phonon mode evolves into a strongly damped collisional mode with increased spectral width.

Conclusions:

  • The phonon mode in a unitary Fermi gas exhibits distinct behavior above and below the superfluid critical temperature.
  • Collisions with thermally excited quasiparticles are the primary damping mechanism for the BA phonon.
  • Sound propagation in unitary Fermi gases shows significant similarities to that in bosonic liquid helium.