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X-ray diffraction at the National Ignition Facility.

J R Rygg1, R F Smith1, A E Lazicki1

  • 1Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|May 3, 2020
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new platform for in situ powder diffraction of solids under extreme pressures up to 2 TPa. This enables detailed analysis of crystal structure and density in dynamically compressed materials.

Area of Science:

  • High-pressure physics
  • Materials science
  • X-ray diffraction

Background:

  • Studying materials under extreme pressures is crucial for understanding planetary interiors and inertial confinement fusion.
  • Existing methods for in situ diffraction at extreme pressures are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report an experimental platform for in situ powder diffraction of dynamically compressed solids.
  • To enable determination of crystal structure, density, and texturing at extreme pressures.

Main Methods:

  • Ramp compression of thin samples sandwiched between tamper layers using laser irradiance.
  • High-precision velocimetry for pressure history determination.
  • Pulsed X-ray diffraction using laser-illuminated metal foils, with selectable wavelengths.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Image plate detectors for recording diffracted signals.
  • Analytic corrections for diffraction angle uncertainties and nonlinear background subtraction algorithms.

    • Main Results:

    • Successful implementation of the experimental platform at the National Ignition Facility.
    • Achieved dynamic compression up to 2 TPa (20 Mbar).
    • Demonstrated ability to determine crystal structure, density, and strain-induced texturing.
    • Observed diffraction lines at low signal-to-background ratios (few percent).

    Conclusions:

    • The developed platform provides unprecedented capabilities for in situ X-ray diffraction of materials under extreme dynamic compression.
    • This research advances the understanding of material behavior at pressures relevant to astrophysics and fusion energy.