A comprehensive review of non-coding RNAs functions in multiple sclerosis

Area of Science:

• Neuroimmunology
• Molecular Biology
• Genetics

Background:

• Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic central nervous system inflammatory disease impacting young adults, characterized by high morbidity.
• Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving neuroinflammation and neuronal destruction is crucial for developing effective MS therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current research on the expression patterns and genomic variations of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in MS.
• To evaluate the potential of ncRNAs as diagnostic or predictive biomarkers for MS.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of studies investigating ncRNA expression and genomic variants in MS patients.
• Analysis of clinical sample data to identify correlations between ncRNAs and MS.

Main Results:

• Various classes of ncRNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), show altered expression in MS.
• These ncRNAs demonstrate potential as diagnostic and predictive markers for MS, based on studies using clinical samples.

Conclusions:

• Dysregulation of ncRNAs is a significant factor in the immunopathogenesis of MS.
• While promising as biomarkers, further functional studies are essential to elucidate the precise molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs in MS and develop targeted therapies.