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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Gas-Sensing Transcriptional Regulators.

Irisappan Ganesh1, Da-Ae Gwon1, Jeong Wook Lee1,2

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.

Biotechnology Journal
|May 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Organisms use gas-sensing transcriptional regulators, including two-component systems and transcription factors, to adapt to environmental gas changes. This review details their structures, mechanisms, and gene regulation roles in microbes and plants.

Keywords:
environmental sensorsgas sensorssensor kinase domaintranscriptional regulatorstwo-component systems

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Plant Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Gas molecules are vital environmental resources for life.
  • Organisms possess sophisticated gas-sensing systems for adaptation.
  • Microorganisms and plants primarily use two-component systems (TCSs) and transcription factors (TFs) for gas sensing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review gas-sensing transcriptional regulators in microorganisms and plants.
  • To elucidate the protein structures, gas interaction mechanisms, and DNA-binding properties of these regulators.
  • To explore signal transduction pathways and gene expression regulation governed by gas sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on gas-sensing transcriptional regulators.
  • Analysis of protein structures and functional mechanisms.
  • Examination of signal transduction and gene regulation pathways.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of transcriptional regulators that directly sense gases via prosthetic groups.
  • Explanation of systems that indirectly detect gas molecules.
  • Analysis of DNA-binding domains and their role in gene regulation.

Conclusions:

  • Gas-sensing transcriptional regulators are crucial for microbial and plant environmental responses.
  • Understanding these systems offers insights into biological adaptation.
  • Future applications of gas-sensing regulators are proposed.