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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 22, 2025

Author Spotlight: Improving Reproducibility in Vascular Organoids Using ROCK Inhibitors and Microwell Confinement
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Tissue Engineering Using Vascular Organoids From Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Mural Cell Phenotypes.

Maria Markou1,2, Dimitrios Kouroupis2, Fotios Badounas3

  • 1Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
|May 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

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Researchers developed a method to create prevascularized tissue constructs using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). These vascular organoids promote rapid vascular network formation in vivo, overcoming diffusion limitations in tissue engineering.

Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Diffusion limits nutrient supply and waste removal in large tissue regeneration (100-200 μm).
  • Neovascularization by host vasculature is a slow process, hindering cell viability.
  • Prevascularized tissue engineered constructs are needed for rapid host vasculature connection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient in vitro method for differentiating human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into defined smooth muscle cell (SMC) populations.
  • To create functional vascular organoids using these hPSC-SMCs and endothelial cells (ECs).
  • To evaluate the vascularization potential of these organoids in vitro and in vivo for tissue engineering applications.

Main Methods:

  • Induced differentiation of hPSCs to contractile and synthetic hPSC-SMCs under feeder-free, low-serum conditions.
Keywords:
induced pluripotent stem cellsmural cellsregenerative medicinesmooth muscle cellsspheroidstissue engineeringvascular organoidsvascularization

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  • Phenotypic and functional characterization of hPSC-SMCs and EC/hPSC-SMC vascular organoids.
  • In vitro assessment of vessel stabilization and sprouting, and in vivo evaluation of vascular network formation.

    • Main Results:

    • Developed defined SMC populations from hPSCs, stable for at least 8 passages.
    • hPSC-SMCs stabilized vessel formation and inhibited network regression when co-cultured with ECs.
    • Vascular organoids promoted capillary-like structure sprouting in vitro and rapid functional vascular network generation in vivo.

    Conclusions:

    • A robust method for generating defined SMC phenotypes from hPSCs was established.
    • EC/hPSC-SMC vascular organoids embedded in defined matrices are a significant advancement for vascularized tissue engineering.
    • This approach offers a promising strategy for regenerative medicine by overcoming diffusion limitations in large tissue regeneration.