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Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Magnetic-Resonance-Based Electrical Property Mapping Using Global Maxwell Tomography With an 8-Channel Head Coil at 7

Ilias I Giannakopoulos, Jose E C Serralles, Luca Daniel

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|May 5, 2020

Summary

Global Maxwell Tomography (GMT) accurately estimates electrical properties using a realistic 8-channel RF coil at 7T. This technique shows promise for in vivo imaging and patient-specific power deposition calculations.

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Area of Science:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Biophysics
Electrical Engineering

Background:

Global Maxwell Tomography (GMT) is a novel volumetric technique for noninvasive estimation of electrical properties (EP) from MRI measurements.
Previous evaluations of GMT utilized ideal radiofrequency (RF) excitations, limiting real-world applicability.
Assessing GMT performance with realistic RF coil configurations is crucial for its clinical translation.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the performance of Global Maxwell Tomography (GMT) for electrical property estimation using a realistic 8-channel RF coil at 7 Tesla.
To investigate the impact of different RF shimming approaches on GMT accuracy.
To assess the potential of GMT for predicting RF power deposition and detecting abnormalities like tumors.

Main Methods:

Designed and simulated an 8-channel transmit-receive RF coil for 7T head imaging.
Calculated RF transmit fields (B1+) within heterogeneous head models using various RF shimming strategies.
Inputted calculated B1+ fields into GMT to reconstruct volumetric EP for all voxels.

Main Results:

Coil tuning and decoupling remained stable across different head models.
Mean errors in relative permittivity and conductivity estimation were observed, with slight improvements using SVD-based RF shimming.
RF transmit fields and absorbed power were predicted with <5% error; GMT accurately detected a simulated tumor.

Conclusions:

Global Maxwell Tomography (GMT) reliably reconstructs electrical properties in simulated realistic scenarios with a tailored 8-channel RF coil at 7T.
Further research will focus on coil construction and GMT's robustness to noise for in vivo experiments.
GMT has the potential to serve as a biomarker and enable patient-specific RF power deposition estimation in ultra-high-field MRI.