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In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography
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Artifacts and Anatomic Variations in Optical Coherence Tomography.

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Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is vital for glaucoma diagnosis. This review details common OCT artifacts and anatomical variations to prevent misdiagnosis and ensure accurate disease detection.

Keywords:
OCT anatomic variationsOCT artifactsOptical coherence tomographygreen diseasered disease

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology and Optometry
  • Medical Imaging Analysis

Background:

  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a key technology for glaucoma diagnosis and monitoring.
  • OCT enables precise measurement of optic nerve head, retinal nerve fiber layer, and macular structures.
  • However, OCT scans can be affected by anatomical variations and artifacts in up to 33% of cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common anatomical variations and artifacts encountered in OCT imaging for glaucoma.
  • To provide guidance on the recognition and prevention of these misleading OCT findings.
  • To explore concepts like floor effect and red/green diseases in OCT interpretation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on OCT imaging in glaucoma.
  • Analysis of common OCT artifacts and anatomical variations.
  • Discussion of diagnostic challenges posed by image quality issues.

Main Results:

  • Identified frequent anatomical variations and artifacts that can mimic or obscure glaucomatous changes.
  • Highlighted the potential for misinterpretation leading to incorrect diagnoses or progression assessments.
  • Discussed specific concepts such as floor effect and red/green diseases impacting OCT interpretation.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate interpretation of OCT scans requires awareness of potential artifacts and anatomical variations.
  • Preventing misdiagnosis necessitates careful image evaluation and understanding of OCT limitations.
  • This review aims to improve the reliability of OCT in glaucoma management by addressing common pitfalls.