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Related Concept Videos

Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

67.4K
Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
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What is the Endocrine System?00:46

What is the Endocrine System?

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The endocrine system sends hormones—chemical signals—through the bloodstream to target cells—the cells the hormones selectively affect. These signals are produced in endocrine cells, secreted into the extracellular fluid, and then diffuse into the blood. Eventually, they diffuse out of the blood and bind to target cells which have specialized receptors to recognize the hormones.
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An Overview of the Endocrine System01:10

An Overview of the Endocrine System

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The endocrine system, a complex network of glands, orchestrates physiological balance within the body through the production and secretion of hormones. These hormones are chemical messengers in intercellular communication, acting as conduits between the secretory cells and distant target sites. They traverse the circulatory system by being released into the extracellular fluid, and their impact is specific to cells possessing receptors for a particular hormone.
The endocrine system collaborates...
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Structures of the Endocrine System00:59

Structures of the Endocrine System

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The intricate framework of the endocrine system encompasses a diverse array of glands, with their target tissues and organs strategically distributed throughout the body. Central to this network are the endocrine glands, specialized structures that lack ducts and release hormones directly into the interstitial fluid. Notably, the hypothalamus, a vital neuroendocrine organ situated in the brain, governs neural functions and serves as a potent source of hormonal regulation. Near the hypothalamus...
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Chemical Signaling in the Endocrine System01:08

Chemical Signaling in the Endocrine System

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A signaling cascade is a series of events that facilitates the transmission of information within or between cells, culminating in a targeted response in the recipient cell. As chemical messengers, hormones are pivotal in initiating and modulating these intricate signaling cascades based on their solubility.
Lipid-soluble hormones, such as steroid hormones, demonstrate an intracellular action. These hormones traverse cell membranes due to their lipid nature. Once inside the target cell, they...
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Regulation of Hormone Secretion01:19

Regulation of Hormone Secretion

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Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
Humoral...
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Introduction to molecular endocrine pathology.

Ricardo V Lloyd1

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 99105, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Endocrine Pathology
|May 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Molecular techniques are revolutionizing endocrine pathology research. This review covers applications like clonal analysis and PCR in studying endocrine neoplasms and homeobox genes in development and pituitary tumors.

Keywords:
Clonal AnalysisEndocrine Pathology VolumeHomeobox GenePituitary AdenomaPolymerase Chain Reaction

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Molecular techniques are increasingly vital in endocrine pathology.
  • Understanding molecular mechanisms aids in diagnosing and treating endocrine diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review basic molecular biology concepts and techniques.
  • To summarize recent applications in endocrine disease research.
  • To discuss molecular analysis of endocrine neoplasms and gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Clonal analysis
  • Hybridization techniques
  • Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique
  • Homeobox gene analysis

Main Results:

  • Molecular techniques are applicable to studying endocrine neoplasms.
  • Specific oncogene and suppressor gene mutations in endocrine tissues can be identified.
  • Homeobox genes, like Pit-1, play roles in normal development and pituitary tumors.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular biology offers powerful tools for endocrine pathology.
  • These techniques enhance the study of endocrine diseases, including neoplasms and developmental processes.