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Pneumococcal polysaccharide immunization in patients with active nephrotic syndrome
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville.
Nephron
|January 1, 1988
Summary
Patients with active nephrotic syndrome show normal IgM antibody responses but reduced IgG antibody responses to pneumococcal polysaccharides. This may impact the effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination in these individuals.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Nephrology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by significant protein loss, potentially affecting antibody levels.
- Pneumococcal infections pose a risk, making vaccination a consideration for affected individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the IgG and IgM antibody responses to pneumococcal polysaccharides in patients with active nephrotic syndrome.
- To compare these responses with those of healthy adult controls.
Main Methods:
- Eleven patients with active nephrotic syndrome and fifteen healthy adults were immunized with pneumococcal polysaccharides (types 3 and 19).
- Serum and urine samples were analyzed for IgG and IgM antibody levels before and after immunization.
Main Results:
- Both groups showed increased IgM antibody responses.
- Patients with nephrotic syndrome had lower IgG antibody levels, particularly to type 19, and exhibited increased urinary IgG excretion.
- Lower serum albumin correlated with reduced IgG antibody concentrations.
Conclusions:
- Patients with active nephrotic syndrome mount a normal IgM response but have impaired IgG responses to pneumococcal polysaccharides.
- Increased urinary IgG loss and/or impaired production may explain the reduced IgG levels.
- The efficacy of pneumococcal vaccination in active nephrotic syndrome warrants further investigation due to potential deficits in protective IgG antibodies.