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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Health
  • Perinatal Research

Background:

  • Late preterm infants (34-36 weeks gestation) are a vulnerable population often overlooked.
  • They represent a significant proportion of premature births and face increased risks compared to term neonates.
  • Physiological and structural immaturity contribute to their vulnerability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current trends in late preterm birth rates.
  • To examine common morbidities and long-term outcomes in this population.
  • To specifically focus on neurodevelopmental outcomes in late preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent trends and studies.
  • Analysis of data on morbidities and mortality.
  • Synthesis of findings on neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Late preterm births are increasing globally.
  • These infants experience higher rates of various morbidities and mortality.
  • Neurodevelopmental impairment is a significant concern.

Conclusions:

  • Late preterm infants require specialized attention due to their unique vulnerabilities.
  • Understanding their long-term outcomes, especially neurodevelopmental, is crucial.
  • Further research and targeted interventions are needed for this growing population.