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Human brown adipose tissue: Classical brown rather than brite/beige?

Barbara Cannon1, Jasper M A de Jong1, Alexander W Fischer1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.

Experimental Physiology
|May 8, 2020
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Summary

Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) is similar to classical mouse BAT, not brite/beige types. This finding emerges when comparing mouse and human tissues under physiologically relevant conditions, supporting mouse BAT for translational research.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Adipose Tissue Biology
  • Comparative Metabolism

Background:

  • Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) presence in adults established 13 years ago.
  • Debate exists on whether mouse classical BAT or brite/beige adipose tissue is the closest human equivalent.
  • Previous studies often used standard mouse conditions (young, chow-fed, 20°C).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the similarity between human BAT and mouse adipose tissues.
  • To investigate the influence of physiological conditions on adipose tissue characteristics.
  • To determine the most relevant mouse model for human BAT research.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of gene expression profiles and tissue characteristics.
  • Examination of mouse adipose tissues under standard (20°C) versus 'physiologically humanized' (30°C, high-fat diet, middle-aged) conditions.
  • Comparison of mouse classical BAT and brite/beige adipose tissue to human BAT.

Main Results:

  • Under physiologically humanized conditions, mouse classical BAT shows greater molecular similarity to human BAT.
  • Mouse brite/beige adipose tissue is less similar to human BAT, irrespective of conditions.
  • Human BAT is fundamentally similar in nature to classical mouse BAT.

Conclusions:

  • Classical mouse BAT is a more relevant model for studying human BAT.
  • Physiological conditions significantly impact adipose tissue phenotype and comparability.
  • Mouse BAT serves as a valuable tissue for translational studies concerning human BAT.