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Diagnosis and treatment of positional plagiocephaly
1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Insights
Positional plagiocephaly, a skull deformity in infants, is increasingly diagnosed clinically. Conservative treatments like repositioning, physiotherapy, and helmet therapy are recommended for this condition.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Developmental Biology
- Orthopedics
Background:
- Positional plagiocephaly (an infant skull deformity) is rising.
- It results from factors like birth complications, prematurity, and head positioning.
- Diagnosis is primarily clinical, often aided by physical examination.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline systematic approaches for diagnosing and treating positional plagiocephaly.
- To emphasize the importance of age-appropriate interventions.
- To review conservative management strategies.
Main Methods:
- Clinical diagnosis and physical examination are key.
- Severity assessment can involve measuring diagonal head lengths with a caliper.
- Review of conservative treatment modalities.
Main Results:
- Positional plagiocephaly, without craniosynostosis, is managed conservatively.
- Effective conservative treatments include repositioning, physiotherapy, massage, and helmet therapy.
- Systematic clinical evaluation and age-appropriate treatment are crucial.
Conclusions:
- Early and appropriate management of positional plagiocephaly is essential for infant development.
- Conservative strategies are effective for non-syndromic cases.
- A structured approach to diagnosis and treatment improves outcomes.
Abstract:
Positional plagiocephaly is increasing in infants. Positional plagiocephaly is an asymmetric deformation of skull due to various reasons; first birth, assisted labor, multiple pregnancy, prematurity, congenital muscular torticollis and position of head. Positional plagiocephaly can mostly be diagnosed clinically and by physical examinations. The simplest way to assess the severity of plagiocephaly is to use a diagonal caliper during physical examination, which measures the difference between the diagonal lengths on each side of the head. Plagiocephaly can be treated surgically or conservatively. Positional plagiocephaly, which is not accompanied by craniosynostosis, is treated conservatively. Conservative treatments involve a variety of treatments, such as change of positions, physiotherapy, massage therapy, and helmet therapy. Systematic approaches to clinical examination, diagnosis and treatment of positional plagiocephaly can be necessary and the age-appropriate treatment is recommended for patients with positional plagiocephaly.
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