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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Field Theory
  • High-Energy Physics

Background:

  • Translation-invariant superfluids, like superfluid Helium and BCS superconductors, typically exhibit vanishing normal density at zero temperature.
  • Understanding the behavior of normal density in exotic superfluids is crucial for advancing condensed matter physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the conditions under which normal density can be non-vanishing in quantum critical superfluids.
  • To explore the role of emergent symmetries and deformations in determining superfluid properties.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing gauge-gravity duality to model quantum critical superfluids.
  • Analyzing the impact of emergent infrared Lorentz symmetry and spacetime anisotropy.
  • Examining the influence of irrelevant deformations on the quantum critical ground state.

Main Results:

  • Superfluid models with emergent infrared Lorentz symmetry exhibit vanishing normal density.
  • Models that break the isotropy between time and space can possess a non-vanishing normal density.
  • The persistence of normal density depends on the specific spectrum of irrelevant deformations.

Conclusions:

  • The vanishing normal density at zero temperature is not a universal property of all superfluids.
  • Gauge-gravity duality provides a powerful framework for studying quantum critical phenomena.
  • These findings may offer explanations for experimental observations in superconducting overdoped cuprates.