Malignant pulmonary embolism associated with renal sarcoma: A case report

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Cardiopulmonary Medicine
• Surgical Oncology

Background:

• Massive pulmonary tumor embolism (PTE) from renal neoplasms is a rare and challenging clinical scenario.
• Primary renal sarcoma is exceptionally rare, and its complication with PTE is even rarer, lacking established treatment guidelines.

Observation:

• A 39-year-old male presented with acute dyspnea and palpitations.
• Contrast-enhanced CT revealed a right renal mass involving the inferior vena cava and massive bilateral pulmonary artery emboli.

Findings:

• Emergency pulmonary embolectomy and radical nephrectomy were performed, leading to initial symptom relief and improved right ventricular function.
• Postoperative chemotherapy resulted in complete resolution of residual pulmonary embolism.

Implications:

• Concomitant cytoreductive nephrectomy with pulmonary embolectomy, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy, may represent an effective treatment strategy for renal sarcoma with PTE.
• This case highlights the importance of multidisciplinary management for rare oncological emergencies.