Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 21, 2025
Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis
Published on: February 6, 2021
Trends in Infantile Endogenous Endophthalmitis Hospitalizations in the United States: An Analysis from 2007 through
Chandana Papudesu1, Tahreem Mir2, Wei Fang3
1Department of Internal Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia.
Insights
The incidence of endogenous endophthalmitis decreased in neonates and infants from 2007-2014. Prematurity, low birth weight, and infections were key risk factors for this serious eye condition.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neonatal Medicine
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Endogenous endophthalmitis is a severe intraocular infection that can lead to vision loss.
- Understanding incidence trends and risk factors is crucial for prevention and timely treatment in vulnerable populations.
- Previous studies have not comprehensively analyzed national incidence changes and associated risk factors in neonates and infants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the annual incidence change of neonatal and infantile endogenous endophthalmitis in the U.S. from 2007 to 2014.
- To identify significant risk factors associated with the development of endogenous endophthalmitis in these age groups.
- To analyze predictive factors for in-hospital mortality in affected neonates and infants.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective cross-sectional study design was employed.
- Data were extracted from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database for neonates (<28 days) and infants (28 days-1 year) hospitalized for endogenous endophthalmitis.
- Analysis included national and regional incidence, comorbidities, risk factors for disease development, and mortality predictors between 2007 and 2014.
Main Results:
- A significant decline in incidence was observed: 4% annually for neonates (2003-2014) and 7% annually for infants (2007-2014).
- Prevalent comorbidities included prematurity, respiratory disorders, perinatal infections, and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
- Significant risk factors for developing endogenous endophthalmitis were perinatal infections, candidemia, bacteremia, very low birth weight, prematurity, respiratory disorders, and ROP. The in-hospital mortality rate was 1.55%.
Conclusions:
- The incidence of endogenous endophthalmitis has decreased in both neonatal and infantile populations.
- Premature and low-birthweight infants, along with those with perinatal infections or specific bloodstream infections (candidemia, bacteremia), are at higher risk.
- Findings align with general trends of declining pediatric infectious disease hospitalizations, highlighting the importance of managing underlying conditions.
Purpose:
To determine the annual change in incidence of neonatal and infantile endogenous endophthalmitis in the United States between 2007 and 2014 and identify associated risk factors for development of endophthalmitis and mortality.
Design:
Retrospective cross-sectional study.
Participants:
Neonates (<28 days; n = 1650) hospitalized for endogenous endophthalmitis between 2003 and 2014 and infants (age range, 28 days-1 year; n = 1850) hospitalized between 2007 and 2014 across United States community hospitals were analyzed.
Methods:
The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was queried to identify neonates hospitalized for endogenous endophthalmitis between 2003 and 2014 and infants hospitalized between 2007 and 2014 across the United States. National and regional incidence of neonatal and infantile endogenous endophthalmitis and comorbidities as well as risk factors in the development of the disease and predictive factors for mortality from the years 2007 through 2014 were calculated.
Main Outcomes And Measures:
National incidence, regional incidence, and risk factors for development of neonatal and infantile endogenous endophthalmitis.
Results:
The rate of decline in incidence of neonatal endogenous endophthalmitis was 4% from 2003 through 2014. The rate of decline in the infantile population was 7% from 2007 through 2014. In 2007, an estimated 291 total cases of infantile endophthalmitis were identified, in comparison with 140 cases in 2014. Comorbidities prevalent in the endophthalmitis population included prematurity, respiratory disorders, perinatal infections, and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Significant positive predictors for the development of endogenous endophthalmitis based on multivariate logistic regression were perinatal infections, candidemia, bacteremia, very low birth weight, prematurity, respiratory disorders, and ROP. Descriptive analyses showed that the in-hospital mortality rate for patients identified with endophthalmitis was 1.55% in comparison with infants without endophthalmitis.
Conclusions:
The incidence of endogenous endophthalmitis declined in both the neonatal and infantile population from 2007 through 2014. Odds of endogenous endophthalmitis were higher for premature and low-birthweight infants and those identified with perinatal infections, candidemia, bacteremia, respiratory disorders, or ROP. These findings are consistent with the decline observed in pediatric infectious disease-related hospitalizations in general.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies.
01:25Endocarditis I: Introduction
01:22Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
01:30Current Trends in Nursing II
01:29Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
01:25Glaucoma: Overview