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Using Wavelet Coherence to Characterize Surface Water Infiltration into a Low-Lying Karst Aquifer
Philip Schuler1,2, Èlia Cantoni1,2, Léa Duran1,2
1Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Understanding surface water-groundwater (SW-GW) interactions in karst aquifers is key for water management. This study uses wavelet coherence on high-resolution time series to reveal complex, time-varying SW-GW dynamics and river influences on springs.
Area of Science:
- Hydrology
- Hydrogeology
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Karstified carbonate aquifers are vulnerable to surface water-groundwater (SW-GW) interactions, impacting water management strategies like source protection.
- Understanding the temporal dynamics of SW-GW exchange is complex due to varying water levels between streams and aquifers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the complex dynamics of SW-GW interactions in a karstified spring catchment.
- To apply multiresolution analysis on high-resolution time series to gain insights into these dynamics.
- To determine the influence of a river on a karst spring discharge over time.
Main Methods:
- Utilized hourly time series data for rainfall, stream discharge, and spring discharge.
- Applied wavelet coherence analysis to examine correlations in the time-frequency domain.
- Employed cross-correlation functions and field observations (turbidity sampling) to support findings.
Main Results:
- Wavelet coherence analysis revealed correlations between river and spring discharges in the time-frequency domain.
- The study identified time-variant influences and a threshold level of river influence on the spring.
- Cross-correlation functions and turbidity data corroborated the findings on river impact.
Conclusions:
- High-resolution time series and multiresolution analysis, specifically wavelet coherence, are effective tools for understanding complex SW-GW dynamics in karst systems.
- The approach provides valuable insights into the temporal variations of river influence on karst springs.
- This method, using basic hydrological parameters, is broadly applicable to other similar hydrological systems.
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