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Related Concept Videos

Cell-surface Signaling01:21

Cell-surface Signaling

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Hormones—or any molecule that binds to a receptor, known as a ligand—that are lipid-insoluble (water-soluble) are not able to diffuse across the cell membrane. In order to be able to affect a cell without entering it, these hormones bind to receptors on the cell membrane. When a first messenger, a hormone, binds to a receptor, a signal cascade is set off, causing second messengers, proteins inside the cell, to become activated, resulting in downstream effects.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Uptake of Fluorescent Labeled Small Extracellular Vesicles In Vitro and in Spinal Cord
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Uptake of Fluorescent Labeled Small Extracellular Vesicles In Vitro and in Spinal Cord

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Cell Surface Labeling by Engineered Extracellular Vesicles.

Nicklas Hamilton1, Natalie M Claudio1,2, Randall J Armstrong3,4

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.

Advanced Biosystems
|May 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel Sortase A (SrtA) method to enhance the detection of extracellular vesicle (EV) interactions with cells. This sensitive approach improves the study of native EVs in vivo.

Keywords:
cell surface labelingexosomesextracellular vesiclesintercellular communicationsquamous cell carcinoma

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate intercellular communication through cell surface signaling.
  • Studying native EVs in vivo requires sensitive detection of EV-cell surface interactions.
  • Current methods for EV analysis can be limited by isolation biases and suboptimal sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly sensitive method for detecting extracellular vesicle (EV)-cell surface interactions in vivo.
  • To engineer EVs to display Sortase A (SrtA) for enhanced reporter molecule transfer.
  • To overcome the sensitivity limitations of existing EV detection techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered EVs to display a membrane-bound form of bacterial Sortase A (SrtA).
  • Optimized SrtA design and reaction conditions for efficient reporter molecule conjugation.
  • Validated the SrtA-based labeling approach in vitro, including cells with minimal N-terminal glycine exposure.

Main Results:

  • Achieved efficient in vitro labeling of EV-binding cells using the SrtA system.
  • Demonstrated 1-2 log increase in sensitivity compared to indirect labeling methods (e.g., CD63-GFP).
  • Successfully utilized SrtA for labeling cells interacting with native EVs.

Conclusions:

  • The SrtA-based approach significantly enhances the sensitivity of detecting EV-cell interactions.
  • This novel method allows for the identification and study of host cells interacting with native EVs in vivo.
  • The technique offers a powerful tool for advancing research on EV-mediated intercellular communication.