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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

4.7K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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Cause and Effect01:53

Cause and Effect

11.9K
While variables are sometimes correlated because one does cause the other, it could also be that some other factor, a confounding variable, is actually causing the systematic movement in our variables of interest. For instance, as sales in ice cream increase, so does the overall rate of crime. Is it possible that indulging in your favorite flavor of ice cream could send you on a crime spree? Or, after committing crime do you think you might decide to treat yourself to a cone?
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Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Sample Preparation to Bioinformatics Analysis of DNA Methylation: Association Strategy for Obesity and Related Trait Studies
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Sample Preparation to Bioinformatics Analysis of DNA Methylation: Association Strategy for Obesity and Related Trait Studies

Published on: May 6, 2022

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Does Obesity Cause Thyroid Cancer? A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Jonathan Mark Fussey1, Robin N Beaumont2, Andrew R Wood2

  • 1Head and Neck Surgery, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|May 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study found no causal link between obesity and thyroid conditions. However, genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes may increase thyroid cancer risk.

Keywords:
diabetes mellitusmendelian randomizationmolecular epidemiologyobesitythyroid neoplasmstype 2

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Segmentation and Measurement of Fat Volumes in Murine Obesity Models Using X-ray Computed Tomography
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Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Rising incidence of thyroid cancer necessitates identification of modifiable risk factors.
  • Observational studies suggest adiposity links to thyroid cancer, but confounding and reverse causality are concerns.
  • Investigating causal relationships between adiposity and thyroid disease is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if adiposity causally influences benign nodular thyroid disease and differentiated thyroid cancer.
  • To differentiate between observational associations and causal links using Mendelian randomization.
  • To explore the role of type 2 diabetes as a potential risk factor.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized UK Biobank data from 379,708 participants of European ancestry.
  • Employed one and two-sample Mendelian randomization approaches.
  • Analyzed observational associations with body mass index, waist-hip ratio, and type 2 diabetes.

Main Results:

  • Observational data showed positive associations between adiposity measures and benign nodular thyroid disease, but not thyroid cancer.
  • Mendelian randomization did not support a causal link between obesity and benign nodular thyroid disease or thyroid cancer.
  • Genetic liability for type 2 diabetes showed a potential causal association with increased odds of thyroid cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Results do not confirm a causal role for obesity in benign nodular thyroid disease or thyroid cancer, contrary to observational findings.
  • A potential causal link between type 2 diabetes and thyroid cancer is suggested.
  • Further research into the relationship between metabolic factors and thyroid cancer is warranted.