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Related Concept Videos

Radical Reactivity: Overview01:11

Radical Reactivity: Overview

2.6K
Radicals, the highly reactive species, gain stability by undergoing three different reactions. The first reaction involves a radical-radical coupling, in which a radical combines with another radical, forming a spin‐paired molecule. The second reaction is between a radical and a spin‐paired molecule, generating a new radical and a new spin‐paired molecule. The third reaction is radical decomposition in a unimolecular reaction, forming a new radical and a spin‐paired...
2.6K
Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects01:10

Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects

2.3K
The presence of electron-donating, electron-withdrawing, or conjugating groups adjacent to a radical center, imparts electronic stabilization to the radicals. Examples of such electronically-stabilized radicals are triphenylmethyl, tetramethylpiperidine‐N‐oxide, and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl. These radicals are remarkably stable and are known as persistent radicals. Some of the persistent radicals can even be isolated and purified.
Along with electronic...
2.3K
Radical Reactivity: Nucleophilic Radicals01:16

Radical Reactivity: Nucleophilic Radicals

2.5K
Radicals adjacent to electron-donating groups are called nucleophilic radicals. These radicals readily react with electrophilic alkenes. The SOMO–LUMO interactions are the driving force for the reaction, where the high-energy SOMO of the electron-rich, nucleophilic radicals interacts with the low-energy LUMO of the electron-deficient, electrophilic alkenes. Such SOMO–LUMO interactions are the basis of reactive radical traps, affecting the selectivity in radical reactions. For...
2.5K
Radical Reactivity: Concentration Effects01:20

Radical Reactivity: Concentration Effects

1.8K
In a radical reaction, the concentration of starting materials governs the selectivity of a radical. For example, the reaction between an alkyl halide and an alkene, in the presence of tin hydride and AIBN, begins with the generation of a tin radical. The generated radical then abstracts halogen from the alkyl halide, producing an alkyl radical. This alkyl radical can either react with tin hydride, yielding an alkane, or add to an alkene, generating a nitrile-stabilized radical, eventually...
1.8K
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals01:17

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals

3.2K
Ideally, an unpaired electron shows a single peak in the EPR spectrum due to the transition between the two spin energy states. However, coupling interactions can occur between the spins of the unpaired electron and any neighboring spin-active nuclei. This hyperfine coupling results in hyperfine splitting, where the EPR signal is split into multiplets. The signals split into 2nI + 1 peaks, where n is the number of equivalent nuclei and I is the nuclear spin. These splitting patterns provide...
3.2K
Radical Formation: Addition00:47

Radical Formation: Addition

2.1K
Radicals can be formed by adding a radical to a spin-paired molecule. This is typically observed with unsaturated species, where the addition of a radical across the π bond leads to the production of a new radical by dissolving the π bond. For example, the addition of a Br radical to an alkene yields a carbon-centered radical.
Similar to charge conservation in chemical reactions, spin conservation is implicit for radical reactions. Accordingly, the product formed must possess an...
2.1K

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Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization
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Magnetic Multistability in an Anion-Radical Pimer.

De-Hui Tuo1,2, Chao Chen3, Huapeng Ruan3

  • 1Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|May 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel radical pimer system exhibiting magnetic multistability, crucial for advanced materials. This discovery opens doors for switchable materials and data storage applications.

Keywords:
anion radicalsbenzene triimidemagnetic multistabilityradical pimersπ-π stacking

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Author Spotlight: Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Solid-State Physics

Background:

  • Radical pimer systems are fundamental models for understanding charge-transfer processes in π-stacked organic materials.
  • Magnetic bistability or multistability in radical pimer systems is highly desirable for applications in switchable materials, thermal sensors, and data storage, but has not been previously reported.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel radical pimer system exhibiting magnetic multistability.
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the observed magnetic multistability.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of the radical pimer via reduction of neutral N-(n-propyl) benzene triimide ([BTI-3C]) using cobaltocene (CoCp2).
  • Magnetic property measurements across a temperature range to identify transitions and hysteresis.
  • Crystallographic analysis to understand structural changes associated with magnetic transitions.

Main Results:

  • A new crystalline radical pimer composed of [BTI-3C] and its anionic radical ([BTI-3C]⁻) was successfully synthesized.
  • The pimer exhibited rare magnetic multistability with distinct thermal hysteresis loops (27 K wide at 170–220 K and 25 K wide at 220–242 K).
  • Magnetic transitions were linked to π-stacked structural slippage and side-chain conformational changes.

Conclusions:

  • The study reports the first radical pimer system with magnetic multistability.
  • The observed magnetic behavior is driven by structural and conformational dynamics within the crystal lattice.
  • This finding provides a foundation for designing advanced functional organic materials with tunable magnetic properties.