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Elastin is Responsible for Tissue Elasticity01:12

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Structural Analysis of Nonapeptides Derived from Elastin.

Belén Hernández1, Jean-Marc Crowet2, Joseph Thiery3

  • 1UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Reims, France; Groupe de Biophysique Moléculaire, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris 13, UFR Santé-Médecine-Biologie Humaine, Bobigny, France.

Biophysical Journal
|May 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Elastin peptides regulate biological processes, including cancer. New research reveals a specific XGXPGXGXG sequence in elastin peptides, potentially explaining their bioactivity through a central type II β-turn structure.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Elastin-derived peptides (EDPs) are implicated in biological processes, including cancer progression.
  • Canonical EDPs interact with cell surface receptors via the VGVAPG sequence.
  • A distinct class of bioactive EDPs with an XGXPGXGXG motif has been identified, but their function is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structure-function relationships of XGXPGXGXG elastin peptides.
  • To identify and characterize tandemly repeated nonapeptide patterns within human elastin.

Main Methods:

  • Database searches for XGXPGXGXG motifs.
  • Analysis of four specific human elastin nonapeptides (AGIPGLGVG, VGVPGLGVG, AGVPGLGVG, AGVPGFGAG).
  • Optical spectroscopies (UV-CD, Raman) and molecular dynamics simulations.

Main Results:

  • XGXPGXGXG elastin peptides form specific tandemly repeated patterns.
  • Spectroscopic and simulation data indicate a conformational mixture of β-turn, β-strand, and random structures.
  • Quantitative analysis reveals approximately 50% β-turns, with the remainder split between β-strands and random coils.

Conclusions:

  • The identified XGXPGXGXG elastin peptides possess a dynamic structure with a prominent central type II β-turn.
  • This unique structural feature is hypothesized to underlie their specific bioactivity.