Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Expression of Cementitious Pore Solution and the Analysis of Its Chemical Composition and Resistivity Using X-ray Fluorescence
06:27

Expression of Cementitious Pore Solution and the Analysis of Its Chemical Composition and Resistivity Using X-ray Fluorescence

Published on: September 23, 2018

9.7K

Optical method to characterize and assess setting evolution of cement pastes

Juan J Soto-Bernal, Gloria V Vázquez, Rosario González-Mota

    Applied Optics
    |May 14, 2020
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Determination of Aggregate Surface Morphology at the Interfacial Transition Zone ITZ08:59

    Determination of Aggregate Surface Morphology at the Interfacial Transition Zone ITZ

    Published on: December 16, 2019

    8.6K
    Detecting the Water-soluble Chloride Distribution of Cement Paste in a High-precision Way07:42

    Detecting the Water-soluble Chloride Distribution of Cement Paste in a High-precision Way

    Published on: November 21, 2017

    10.0K

    Related Concept Videos

    Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

    Porosity in Cement Paste

    The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
    The balance of water to cement in the mix is...
    387
    Setting Time of Cement01:12

    Setting Time of Cement

    The setting time of cement refers to the process of cement paste transitioning from a plastic state to a solid state. This process is crucial in construction as it dictates the timeframe for concrete placement, compaction, and finishing. The onset of this solidification is termed the initial set, indicating when the paste becomes unworkable. The final set is when the paste has solidified completely, and further handling or manipulation can no longer affect its shape. The cement strength is...
    492
    Soundness of Cement01:17

    Soundness of Cement

    The soundness of cement refers to the ability of cement paste to retain its volume after setting. Unsound cement can lead to expansion and structural damage due to the presence of free lime, magnesia, and calcium sulfate. Free lime hydrates very slowly, expanding and causing unsoundness, which is difficult to detect because it intercrystallizes with other compounds. Magnesia also reacts with water, forming crystals that can disrupt the cement's structure. Calcium sulfate can create...
    429
    Pore Size Distribution01:23

    Pore Size Distribution

    In concrete, the pore size distribution significantly influences the material's properties. Capillary pores, markedly larger than gel pores, form a vast network within partially hydrated cement paste, reducing the concrete's strength and increasing its permeability. This heightened permeability leads to a greater risk of damage from environmental factors like freeze-thaw cycles and chemical attacks, with the extent of vulnerability also being tied to the water-to-cement ratio.
    Adequate...
    353
    Strength of Cement01:20

    Strength of Cement

    Strength tests for cement are not performed directly on neat cement paste due to difficulty in obtaining consistent, reliable specimens. Instead, cement is typically tested in the form of cement-sand mortar.
    For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in...
    382
    Fineness of Cement01:15

    Fineness of Cement

    The fineness of cement directly influences the rate of hydration, as the hydration begins at the surface of the cement particles. In addition to hydration, the fineness of cement is vital for various properties of concrete including workability, gypsum requirement, and long-term behavior. The fineness of cement is represented in terms of the specific surface of cement which is typically measured in square meters per kilogram, with several methods available for this determination.
    Direct...
    382