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Evanescent coupling to silicon waveguides using surface plasmon polaritons.

Jeong R Kim, Azad Siahmakoun

    Applied Optics
    |May 14, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study demonstrates evanescent light coupling to silicon waveguides using surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in the Otto configuration. Simulations show 54% coupling efficiency, with fabricated devices achieving 10% light transmission.

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Materials Science
    • Nanotechnology

    Background:

    • Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) offer unique light-matter interaction properties at optical frequencies.
    • Evanescent coupling is crucial for integrating photonic devices with nanoscale structures.
    • The Otto configuration provides a method for non-contact excitation of SPPs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate evanescent light coupling into silicon waveguides via SPPs in the Otto configuration.
    • To analyze the efficiency of SPP excitation and coupling using specific material and geometric parameters.
    • To compare simulation results with experimental measurements for a fabricated device.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a fused-silica prism, a silver thin film, and a tapered silicon waveguide in the Otto configuration.

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  • Exciting SPPs with p-polarized light at a 1550 nm wavelength and a 44° plasmonic angle.
  • Performing 2D Lumerical FDTD Solutions simulations to model coupling efficiency.
  • Fabricating a device on a silicon-on-insulator substrate for experimental validation.

    • Main Results:

    • 2D Lumerical FDTD Solutions simulation predicted a coupling efficiency of 54%.
    • Experimental measurements of the fabricated device showed a 10% light transmission for p-polarized light.
    • Discrepancies between simulated and experimental results highlight potential areas for optimization.

    Conclusions:

    • Evanescent light coupling to silicon waveguides using SPPs in the Otto configuration is feasible.
    • The study provides insights into the performance limitations and potential of this coupling method.
    • Further research is needed to bridge the gap between simulated and experimental efficiencies for practical applications.