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    We developed simple models for optical reflectivity at interfaces with random media like microdroplets or cells. These models accurately determine fractional contact area and refractive indices, aiding in material and biological surface analysis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Optical interfaces with random media are common in nature and technology.
    • Characterizing these interfaces is crucial for applications in sensing and imaging.
    • Existing models often lack simplicity or broad applicability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop simplified models for optical reflectivity at interfaces with random media.
    • To provide approximate expressions for coherent and total reflectance.
    • To validate models with numerical simulations and experimental data.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of theoretical models for optical reflectivity.
    • Analysis of internal reflectivity for media with varying refractive indices.
    • Numerical simulations to compare model predictions.
    • Experimental validation using an optical prism and vegetable tissue.

    Main Results:

    • Simple approximate expressions for coherent and total reflectance were derived.
    • Models showed good agreement with numerical simulations.
    • Experimental measurements were successfully interpreted using the developed models.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed surface reflectivity models offer a straightforward method for interface characterization.
    • These models enable accurate determination of fractional contact area and refractive indices (±0.5% accuracy).
    • The approach is applicable to diverse random media, including microdroplets and biological cells.