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Updated: Dec 21, 2025

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Visualization of Bacterial Toxin Induced Responses Using Live Cell Fluorescence Microscopy
Published on: October 1, 2012
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Neutro"feels" lethal toxin.
Lalita Mazgaeen1,2, Prajwal Gurung1,2,3,4
1Inflammation Program, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|May 14, 2020
Summary
Lethal toxins trigger acute interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) production, a process requiring NLRP1b, caspase-1, PAD4, cell-free DNA, and neutrophils for inflammatory responses.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is a key inflammatory cytokine.
- NLRP1b and caspase-1 are crucial components of the inflammasome.
- Neutrophils play a significant role in innate immunity and inflammation.
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