Generation of Lungs by Blastocyst Complementation in Apneumic Fgf10-Deficient Mice

The shortage of donor lungs hinders lung transplantation, the only definitive option for patients with end-stage lung disease. Blastocyst complementation enables the generation of transplantable organs from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) in animal models. Pancreases and kidneys have been generated from PSCs by blastocyst complementation in rodent models. Here, we report the generation of lungs using mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in apneumic Fgf10 Ex1^mut/Ex3^mutmice by blastocyst complementation. Complementation with ESCs enables Fgf10-deficient mice to survive to adulthood without abnormalities. Both the generated lung alveolar parenchyma and the interstitial portions, including vascular endothelial cells, vascular and parabronchial smooth muscle cells, and connective tissue, largely originate from the injected ESCs. These data suggest that Fgf10 Ex1^mut/Ex3^mutblastocysts provide an organ niche for lung generation and that blastocyst complementation could be a viable approach for generating whole lungs.