CO as a therapeutic agent: discovery and delivery forms.

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Pharmacology
• Toxicology

Background:

• Carbon monoxide (CO) is recognized as a key endogenous signaling molecule, known as a gasotransmitter.
• Historically viewed as toxic, CO's role in cellular signaling is increasingly understood.
• Gasotransmitters, including CO, are crucial in regulating various physiological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the evolution of carbon monoxide (CO) from a toxicant to a therapeutic signaling molecule.
• To explore diverse strategies for delivering CO for therapeutic applications.
• To summarize recent advancements in the chemistry of CO delivery systems.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of CO's toxicological and physiological roles.
• Analysis of chemical approaches for CO generation and delivery.
• Synthesis of information on therapeutic applications of CO.

Main Results:

• CO's dual nature as a toxic gas and a vital signaling molecule is highlighted.
• Various chemical strategies for controlled CO release are presented.
• The potential of CO in treating inflammatory and cellular-stress-related diseases is supported by emerging evidence.

Conclusions:

• Carbon monoxide (CO) holds significant promise as a therapeutic agent.
• Development of effective CO delivery systems is crucial for clinical translation.
• Further research into CO's chemistry and pharmacology can unlock new treatment avenues.