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Ophthalmologic Diseases in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Prospective Study
Mateusz Ślizień1, Beata Bzoma2, Dorota Raczyńska1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
Transplantation Proceedings
|May 14, 2020
Summary
Cataract is the primary cause of vision decline in kidney transplant recipients, often linked to high-dose steroid use. Regular eye exams are crucial for monitoring post-transplant vision changes.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Nephrology
- Transplant Medicine
Background:
- Kidney transplant (KTx) recipients frequently have comorbidities like hypertension and diabetes.
- Older age and pre-existing ophthalmologic conditions are common in KTx candidates.
- Ophthalmologic disorders can worsen or develop after kidney transplantation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate eyesight characteristics in patients one year after kidney transplantation.
- To identify common ophthalmologic changes and their causes in the post-KTx period.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 41 kidney transplant recipients (82 eyes).
- Ophthalmologic examinations included visual acuity, tonometry, slit lamp examination, and optical coherence tomography.
- Data collected over a 1-year follow-up period post-transplantation.
Main Results:
- Cataract (46%), hypertensive angiopathy (20%), and glaucoma (20%) were the most frequent findings.
- Visual acuity declined in 54% of patients, primarily due to cataract progression.
- High-dose steroid treatment (steroid boluses) for acute rejection was significantly associated with cataract development (42% vs 11%).
Conclusions:
- Cataract, glaucoma, and hypertensive angiopathy are common ophthalmologic diagnoses post-kidney transplant.
- Cataract progression is the main driver of visual acuity deterioration in this population.
- Steroid bolus therapy shows a meaningful association with cataract progression after KTx.
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