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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients
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Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients

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Multiple sclerosis in ophthalmology: beyond optic neuritis.

Rafel Alcubierre1, Bernardo F Sánchez-Dalmau2, Silvia Muñoz3

  • 1Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Moisès Broggi Sant Joan Despi, Consorci Sanitari Integral, Barcelona, España.

Medicina Clinica
|May 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual system disorders significantly impact multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. This review covers non-optic neuritis eye conditions and drug side effects for better MS patient management.

Keywords:
DiplopiaDiplopíaEsclerosis múltipleMultiple SclerosisNeuropatía ópticaNistagmoNystagmusOptic NeuropathyTratamientoTreatmentUveitisUveítis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Visual system disorders are a primary feature of multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • These conditions significantly affect patient quality of life.
  • Optic neuritis is common, but other ophthalmological issues also occur in MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe ophthalmological abnormalities in MS beyond optic neuritis.
  • To categorize these abnormalities by affected visual pathway.
  • To detail the ocular side effects of MS therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ophthalmological manifestations in multiple sclerosis.
  • Classification of visual system impairments.
  • Summary of drug-induced ocular side effects.

Main Results:

  • Ophthalmological abnormalities are categorized into afferent pathway, efferent pathway, and upper cerebral area impairments.
  • Non-neuritic visual disorders are relevant for MS patient management.
  • Commonly used MS drugs can cause specific ophthalmological side effects.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding diverse visual system disorders in MS is crucial.
  • Comprehensive knowledge aids in managing MS patients' visual health.
  • Awareness of drug side effects is vital for patient care.