Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 21, 2025
06:31
Studying Surfactant Effects on Hydrate Crystallization at Oil-Water Interfaces Using a Low-Cost Integrated Modular Peltier Device
Published on: March 18, 2020
6.7K
Influence of crowding on hydrophobic hydration-shell structure
1Purdue University, Department of Chemistry, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. bendor@purdue.edu.
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|May 16, 2020
Summary
Molecular crowding influences water structure, affecting hydration shells. This study quantifies how solute size and shape impact water
Area of Science:
- Physical Chemistry
- Solution Chemistry
- Spectroscopy
Background:
- Molecular crowding significantly alters solvent properties.
- Understanding water's structural changes in solutions is crucial for various chemical and biological processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the influence of molecular crowding on water structure.
- To investigate the crossover behavior of hydration shells in aqueous alcohol solutions.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Raman multivariate curve resolution (Raman-MCR) spectroscopy.
- Analyzed hydration-shell OH stretch band shape and mean frequency.
- Studied aqueous solutions of tert-butyl alcohol, 2-butyl alcohol, and 2-butoxyethanol at varying concentrations and temperatures.
Main Results:
- Identified the crossover temperature where hydration shells shift from ordered to less ordered structures.
- Demonstrated that crowding's influence on crossover depends on solute size and shape.
- Observed that first hydration-shell spectra are similar to pure water, regardless of crowding.
Conclusions:
- The crossover temperature is primarily dictated by the enthalpic stabilization of more ordered hydration-shell structures.
- Solute properties significantly influence water structure reorganization under molecular crowding.
- Raman-MCR provides a quantitative method to probe hydration-shell dynamics.
Related Concept Videos
02:05Entropy and Solvation
8.1K
The process of surrounding a solute with solvent is called solvation. It involves evenly distributing the solute within the solvent. The rule of thumb for determining a solvent for a given compound is that like dissolves like. A good solvent has molecular characteristics similar to those of the compound to be dissolved. For example, polar solutions dissolve polar solutes, and apolar solvents dissolve apolar solutes. A polar solvent is a solvent that has a high dielectric constant (ϵ...
8.1K
02:34Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration
9.4K
The rate of acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes depends on the alkene's structure, as the presence of alkyl substituents at the double bond can significantly influence the rate.
9.4K
02:35Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules
62.8K
Noncovalent attractions are associations within and between molecules that influence the shape and structural stability of complexes. These interactions differ from covalent bonding in that they do not involve sharing of electrons.
Four types of noncovalent interactions are hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions.
Hydrogen bonding results from the electrostatic attraction of a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a strong-electronegative atom like oxygen,...
Four types of noncovalent interactions are hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions.
Hydrogen bonding results from the electrostatic attraction of a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a strong-electronegative atom like oxygen,...
62.8K
02:35Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules
19.1K
19.1K
03:13Intermolecular Forces
68.1K
Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
68.1K
01:07Cohesion
57.9K
Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
On a...
On a...
57.9K