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Updated: Aug 8, 2026

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
Published on: April 19, 2019
Carnosinium bromide
Fiona Hamilton1, William T A Harrison1
1Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, United Kingdom.
This study details the crystal structure of a novel cationic zwitterion salt, highlighting its unique charge distribution and conformational variations. Hydrogen bonding interactions play a crucial role in its extended crystal lattice formation.
Area of Science:
- Crystallography
- Chemical Physics
- Biochemistry
Background:
- The study investigates the structural properties of a specific salt, C9H15N4O3+·Br−.
- This compound is identified as a 'cationic zwitterion' with a complex charge distribution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the detailed crystal structure of the title salt.
- To analyze the conformational behavior of the dipeptide component.
- To understand the intermolecular interactions governing the crystal packing.
Main Methods:
- Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the crystal structure.
- Analysis of hydrogen bonding networks (N-H⋯O, N-H⋯(O,O), N-H⋯Br) and weak interactions (C-H⋯O, C-H⋯Br).
Main Results:
- The asymmetric unit contains four cations and four anions.
- The dipeptide exhibits both 'anti' and 'gauche' conformations.
- The crystal structure is characterized by extensive hydrogen bonding forming (010) sheets.
- Weak C-H⋯O and C-H⋯Br interactions further stabilize the structure.
Conclusions:
- The crystal structure reveals a complex interplay of charge, conformation, and intermolecular forces.
- The hydrogen bonding network is key to the formation of the layered structure.
- The findings contribute to the understanding of zwitterionic compounds and their solid-state behavior.
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