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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

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The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
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Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been...
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Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants
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Craniofacial photographic superimposition: New developments.

Douglas H Ubelaker1, Yaohan Wu1, Quinnlan R Cordero1

  • 1Department of Anthropology, NMNH, Smithsonian Institution Washington, D.C., 20560, USA.

Forensic Science International. Synergy
|May 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Craniofacial superimposition, a forensic anthropology technique, is seeing renewed development for standardizing procedures. Integrating clinical data with technical advances can improve its use in identifying unknown skulls.

Keywords:
AnthropologyCraniofacial superimpositionForensic science

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Anthropology
  • Biometrics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Craniofacial superimposition (CFS) is a forensic anthropology technique for identifying unknown skulls using ante mortem images.
  • Its application has declined due to advances in molecular analysis.
  • Recent years have seen significant developments in CFS techniques, aiming to standardize procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the decline in craniofacial superimposition application.
  • To highlight recent advancements in standardizing CFS procedures.
  • To propose future research directions for enhancing CFS in forensic identification.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent developments in craniofacial superimposition techniques.
  • Analysis of the MEPROCS (The New Methodologies and Protocols of Forensic Identification by Craniofacial Superimposition) project.
  • Exploration of potential integration with clinical practices and statistical advances.

Main Results:

  • Despite a decline, CFS techniques have undergone significant development in the past five years.
  • The MEPROCS project has worked towards establishing a standardized framework for CFS.
  • There is a recognized need to integrate clinical information with technical CFS advancements.

Conclusions:

  • Craniofacial superimposition remains a relevant, albeit less utilized, forensic identification technique.
  • Standardization efforts like MEPROCS are crucial for improving CFS reliability.
  • Future research should focus on integrating clinical data with advanced CFS methodologies for enhanced forensic anthropology applications.