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Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
Published on: July 24, 2015
Observation of the Spin-Orbit Gap in Bilayer Graphene by One-Dimensional Ballistic Transport
L Banszerus1,2, B Frohn1, T Fabian3
1JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany, EU.
Abstract:
We report on measurements of quantized conductance in gate-defined quantum point contacts in bilayer graphene that allow the observation of subband splittings due to spin-orbit coupling. The size of this splitting can be tuned from 40 to 80 μeV by the displacement field. We assign this gate-tunable subband splitting to a gap induced by spin-orbit coupling of Kane-Mele type, enhanced by proximity effects due to the substrate. We show that this spin-orbit coupling gives rise to a complex pattern in low perpendicular magnetic fields, increasing the Zeeman splitting in one valley and suppressing it in the other one. In addition, we observe a spin polarized channel of 6e^{2}/h at high in-plane magnetic field and signatures of interaction effects at the crossings of spin-split subbands of opposite spins at finite magnetic field.
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