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Noble Gases

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The elements in group 18 are noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon). They earned the name “noble” because they were assumed to be nonreactive since they have filled valence shells. In 1962, Dr. Neil Bartlett at the University of British Columbia proved this assumption to be false.

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Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely axial,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Cryogenic Liquid Jets for High Repetition Rate Discovery Science

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Published on: May 9, 2020

Rotating ³He droplets.

Martí Pi¹, Francesco Ancilotto², Manuel Barranco¹

¹Departament FQA, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.

The Journal of Chemical Physics

|May 17, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Recent experiments on rotating Helium-3 droplets show their shapes match classical models. Deviations increase with angular momentum due to quantum effects and fluid properties, becoming less significant for larger droplets.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Quantum Fluids
Nuclear Physics

Background:

Recent experiments have focused on the behavior of rotating Helium-3 droplets.
Understanding the dynamics and shapes of these quantum droplets is crucial for nuclear and condensed matter physics.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the shapes and stability of rotating normal-phase Helium-3 droplets using density functional theory.
To compare theoretical predictions with experimental observations of droplet shapes at different angular momenta.

Main Methods:

Employed a semi-classical approach within density functional theory.
Calculated droplet shapes across a range of angular momenta.
Rescaled nanoscopic droplet results to mesoscopic sizes for experimental comparison.

Main Results:

The sequence of droplet shapes (oblate, triaxial prolate, two-lobed) agrees with classical rotating droplet models.
Small deviations from classical predictions were observed in the stability curve, increasing with angular momentum.
Deviations are attributed to surface diffuseness, finite compressibility, and quantum effects.

Conclusions:

The classical rotating droplet model provides a good approximation for Helium-3 rotation, especially for larger droplets.
Quantum effects and fluid properties become more influential at higher angular momenta.
Theoretical findings offer insights into the behavior of quantum fluids under rotation.