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Coherence between Brain Cortical Function and Neurocognitive Performance during Changed Gravity Conditions
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Transient cerebral blood flow responses during microgravity.

Timo Klein1, Marit Sanders2, Petra Wollseiffen3

  • 1VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD, Australia; Institute of Movement and Neuroscience, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Life Sciences in Space Research
|May 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

During microgravity, middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) initially decreases then increases, suggesting reduced cerebrovascular resistance. This indicates the brain adapts to avoid excessive blood flow during spaceflight.

Keywords:
Cerebral blood flowHypergravityMiddle cerebral arteryWeightlessness

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Space Medicine

Background:

  • Central cardiovascular changes during altered gravity are well-documented.
  • Limited data exists on microgravity's effects on the cerebrovascular system and brain perfusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of microgravity on middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv).
  • To assess cerebrovascular responses during parabolic flight-induced microgravity.

Main Methods:

  • Continuous, second-by-second monitoring of MCAv using Doppler ultrasound in 16 participants.
  • Assessment of central cardiovascular parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output) during 15 parabolic maneuvers (1G, 1.8G, 0G).

Main Results:

  • Central cardiovascular parameters responded immediately to gravity changes.
  • MCAv initially showed normal cerebral autoregulation but then increased during the latter half of microgravity.
  • While other parameters reached a steady state, MCAv exhibited a delayed increase after an initial dip.

Conclusions:

  • The increase in MCAv during microgravity suggests a decrease in cerebrovascular resistance.
  • This may be due to increased venous outflow or precapillary sphincter contraction to prevent brain hyperperfusion.