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Minced Tissue in Compressed Collagen: A Cell-containing Biotransplant for Single-staged Reconstructive Repair
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Detrusor bioengineering using a cell-enriched compressed collagen hydrogel.

Jakub Smolar1, Daniele De Nardo1, Ernst Reichmann2

  • 1Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials
|May 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study bioengineered bladder tissue using smooth muscle cells (SMC) and adipose-derived stem cells (pADSC) in collagen hydrogels. The engineered tissue showed promising bladder wall regeneration in rats, offering a potential alternative to intestinal grafts for bladder reconstruction.

Keywords:
collagendetrusor musclestem cellstissue engineeringurinary bladder

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Urology

Background:

  • Current bladder regeneration methods using intestinal tissue lead to significant long-term complications.
  • There is a critical need for advanced biomaterials for functional bladder reconstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To bioengineer functional detrusor muscle using bladder smooth muscle cells (SMC) and adipose-derived stem cells (pADSC) within compressed collagen (CC) hydrogels.
  • To evaluate the biocompatibility and tissue regeneration capacity of these engineered detrusor-equivalents in a rat model.

Main Methods:

  • Compressed collagen hydrogels were seeded with SMC alone or in combination with pADSC (1:1 ratio) at different cell densities.
  • In vitro assessments included cell morphology, phenotype, viability, and secretome analysis.
  • In vivo evaluation involved implanting hydrogels into rat bladders after partial detrusorectomy, followed by assessment of tissue regeneration, vascularization, and innervation after 8 weeks.

Main Results:

  • Co-cultured cells maintained SMC morphology, viability, and proliferation, forming microtissues.
  • The secretome of pADSC samples showed increased pro-angiogenic factors like angiogenin and VEGF-A/D.
  • After 8 weeks, regenerated bladder walls exhibited a multilayered structure with all native components, with higher cell density and SMC:pADSC combination showing superior regeneration.

Conclusions:

  • Compressed collagen hydrogels demonstrate significant potential for promoting bladder wall tissue regeneration in vivo.
  • Combining pADSC and SMC in CC hydrogels represents a promising first step towards functional bladder reconstruction for end-stage bladder diseases.