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Novel coronavirus infection and children
Federica Cavallo1, Nadia Rossi2, Francesco Chiarelli3
1Department of Paediatrics, University of Chieti, Italy. federica-cavallo@libero.it.
Acta Bio-Medica : Atenei Parmensis
|May 19, 2020
Summary
Children infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) typically experience milder symptoms and have better outcomes than adults. However, children may act as reservoirs, potentially spreading severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) within communities.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has been declared a pandemic by the WHO.
- As of April 16, 2020, COVID-19 had infected nearly 2 million people globally, resulting in over 130,000 deaths.
- Understanding COVID-19's impact on children is crucial due to their unique epidemiological and clinical profiles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiological, clinical, and management characteristics of COVID-19 in pediatric populations.
- To highlight the specific presentation and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants and children.
- To assess the potential role of children in the community transmission of COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- A literature search was conducted on PubMed from January to April 2020.
- Search terms included "COVID-19", "children", "SARS-COV2", "complications", "epidemiology", and "clinical features".
- The review focused on epidemiological data and symptoms of COVID-19 in children.
Main Results:
- Infants and children generally exhibit milder COVID-19 symptoms compared to adults.
- Pediatric patients tend to have a better clinical outcome following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- Children could potentially serve as an infection reservoir, contributing to community spread.
Conclusions:
- Children with COVID-19 usually have a milder disease course and better prognosis.
- The role of children as potential spreaders of SARS-CoV-2 in the community warrants further investigation.
- Further research is needed to fully understand the long-term implications of COVID-19 in pediatric populations.
