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Optimal Design of Switchable Wearable Antenna Array for Wireless Sensor Networks
Łukasz Januszkiewicz1, Paolo Di Barba2, Sławomir Hausman1
1Institute of Electronics, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska 211/215 Street, 93-005 Łódź, Poland.
Abstract:
In the paper, we present a novel approach to the optimum design of wearable antenna arrays intended for off-body links of wireless body area networks. Specifically, we investigate a four-element array that has a switchable radiation pattern able to direct its higher gain towards a signal source and a lower gain towards an interference. The aim is to increase the signal to interference ratio. We apply a genetic algorithm to optimize both the spatial placement and the feed phasing of the elementary on-body antennas. We propose a simplified, computationally efficient model for the simulation of the array radiation pattern. The model is based on full-wave simulations obtained with a simplified cylindrical model of the human body. We also propose, implement, and evaluate four objective functions based on signal to interference ratio, i.e., min-max, nadir point distance maximization, utopia point distance minimization, and full Pareto-like. Our optimized design obtained with this approach exhibits a significant performance improvement in comparison to the initial heuristic design.
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