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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
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What is the Skeletal System?01:02

What is the Skeletal System?

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Overview
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The Functions of the Skeletal System01:22

The Functions of the Skeletal System

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The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...
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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

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Bone decay and beyond: how can we approach it better.

C Gargiulo Isacco1,2,3, A Ballini4, G Paduanelli1

  • 1Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (D.I.M.), the School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro".

Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents
|May 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Osseo-degeneration disrupts bone structure, impacting skeletal support. Regenerative therapies using bone grafts can restore function, but patient factors like aging and metabolic health are crucial for success.

Keywords:
bisphosphonatebone scaffoldsdysbiosisgut microbiotametabolic disordersosseo-degenerationregenerative medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Osseo-degeneration affects critical skeletal sites like the femur head, vertebrae, and alveolar bone.
  • Bone grafting procedures using materials such as calcium powder, xenografts, ceramics, and metals aim to restore bone volume and strength.
  • Successful bone regeneration hinges on osteogenesis, osteoinduction, osteoconduction, and biocompatibility, alongside host bone quality and surgical technique.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review biological and physiological factors influencing bone tissue breakdown and regeneration.
  • To analyze the impact of aging, metabolic diseases, gut microbiome, and immune function on bone reconstruction outcomes.
  • To emphasize the need for individualized regenerative approaches considering patient-specific bio-endocrine, metabolic, and immunological profiles.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review analyzing factors affecting bone regeneration.
  • Examination of biological principles of osteogenesis, osteoinduction, osteoconduction, and biocompatibility.
  • Assessment of patient-specific conditions including aging, metabolic health, and immune status.

Main Results:

  • Patient aging and associated metabolic, endocrine, and immune dysfunctions significantly impact bone regeneration success.
  • Gut microbiome unbalance can contribute to systemic dysfunctions affecting bone tissue.
  • The quality of grafting material and surgical technique are critical, but patient's intrinsic biological state is paramount.

Conclusions:

  • Regenerative bone therapies must account for the aging process and its systemic effects on bone metabolism and immunity.
  • An individualized clinical regenerative approach, integrating bio-endocrine, metabolic, and immunological knowledge, is essential.
  • The regenerated bone must possess sufficient strength and architecture to withstand implant-transmitted loading forces, tailored to each patient's condition.