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Published on: November 20, 2017
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Addressing distribution equity in spatial conservation prioritization for small-scale fisheries
Alessia Kockel1, Natalie C Ban2, Maycira Costa1
1Geography Department, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
Plos One
|May 20, 2020
Summary
Incorporating detailed small-scale fisheries data through participatory mapping is crucial for equitable marine protected area (MPA) planning. This ensures biodiversity goals are met while minimizing disproportionate impacts on fishing communities.
Area of Science:
- Conservation Science
- Marine Spatial Planning
- Fisheries Management
Background:
- Spatial conservation prioritization is key for designing marine protected areas (MPAs) to meet biodiversity targets with minimal user impact.
- Small-scale fishers (SSF) often face disproportionate negative impacts from MPAs, yet limited data hinders their representation in planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To document a participatory mapping approach for collecting SSF data using fisher knowledge for MPA prioritization.
- To examine how SSF data completeness and resolution affect MPA prioritization outcomes (biodiversity representation, spatial efficiency, equity).
Main Methods:
- Conducted participatory mapping workshops with 79 communities in the Philippines to gather SSF spatial data.
- Integrated fisher-collected SSF data with remote sensing data on coastal habitats.
- Utilized Marxan with Zones decision-support tool to develop three scenarios varying in SSF data completeness and resolution.
Main Results:
- All MPA scenarios met biodiversity representation targets with similar area coverage.
- MPA plan outputs varied significantly in the equitable distribution of opportunity costs (loss of fishing grounds).
- Scenarios omitting minority fisheries or inter-community variations resulted in inequitable cost distribution.
Conclusions:
- Detailed, high-resolution SSF data is essential for equitable MPA planning.
- Participatory mapping approaches are effective for collecting necessary SSF data in data-poor regions.
- Prioritizing detailed SSF data integration leads to more equitable outcomes in marine conservation.
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