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Women's multisite microbial modulation during pregnancy.

Luiz G Sparvoli1, Ramon V Cortez1, Silvia Daher2

  • 1Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil.

Microbial Pathogenesis
|May 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pregnancy alters the female microbiome across vaginal, gut, and oral sites. These changes, particularly in the vaginal microbiome, are crucial for maintaining a healthy pregnancy and fetal development.

Keywords:
Microbial modulationMicrobiomeMultiple sitesPregnancyWomen

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Reproductive health
  • Human physiology

Background:

  • Female microbiome composition varies with age and physiological state.
  • Pregnancy induces significant changes in the microbiome, especially in the vaginal tract.
  • Microbiome modulation is essential for healthy fetal development and gestation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the vaginal, gut, and oral microbiome composition in healthy pregnant women versus non-pregnant women.
  • To identify specific microbial shifts during pregnancy across multiple body sites.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study design.
  • Collection of vaginal, oral, and gut samples from 42 pregnant and 18 non-pregnant women.
  • 16S rRNA sequencing on the Illumina platform for microbiome profiling.

Main Results:

  • Positive correlations observed: Eubacterium-Akkermansia (gut), Eubacterium-Ruminococcus (vaginal), Streptococcus-Gemella (oral) in pregnant women.
  • Negative correlations observed: Lactobacillus-Atopobium and Lactobacillus-Gardnerella in the vaginal microbiome.
  • Prevotella was the sole genus detected across all three sites; no inter-site bacterial influence was evident during pregnancy.

Conclusions:

  • Healthy pregnancy involves significant microbiome modulation across vaginal, gut, and oral sites.
  • These adaptations, alongside hormonal and immunological changes, are vital for maintaining an eubiotic status during gestation.
  • The study highlights the complex interplay between pregnancy and the host microbiome.