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Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring Sex-Specific Glial Signatures and Therapeutic Leads for Alzheimer&#39;s Disease
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Transcriptomics in Alzheimer's Disease: Aspects and Challenges.

Eva Bagyinszky1,2, Vo Van Giau1,2, SeongSoo A An2

  • 1Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Environment, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Investigating gene expression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial. Understanding transcriptome changes offers new pathways for diagnosing and treating this common dementia.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseRNA arrayRNA sequencingalternative splicingcopy number variantdifferently expressed genesneurodegenerationnoncoding RNAtrancriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, with high heritability.
  • Limited understanding of AD-associated genes, their expression, and pathways hinders progress.
  • Identifying links between gene dysfunction and pathological mechanisms is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent transcriptome investigations in multifactorial Alzheimer's disease.
  • To highlight insights at the interface of transcriptomics and AD pathology.
  • To explore the role of gene expression changes in neurodegeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent transcriptome studies in Alzheimer's disease.
  • Analysis of gene expression patterns and regulatory mechanisms.
  • Focus on interactions between transcriptomes and disease pathways.

Main Results:

  • Gene expression changes and regulation significantly impact neurodegeneration in AD.
  • Mechanisms like mRNA-transcription factor interactions, non-coding RNAs, alternative splicing, and copy number variants are implicated.
  • Transcriptome insights connect gene dysfunctions to neuronal transport, APP processing, calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial impairment.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding transcriptome dynamics in AD is vital for improved diagnosis and therapies.
  • Transcriptome analysis provides a deeper insight into the multifactorial nature of Alzheimer's disease.
  • Further research into gene expression and regulation holds promise for novel AD interventions.