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Difference in Interoception between Long-Distance Runners and Sprinters: An Event-related Potential Study.

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Sprinters demonstrate superior interoceptive ability and greater insular cortex activity compared to long-distance runners. This suggests sprinters are more attuned to their internal bodily signals, contrary to initial predictions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sports Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Interoception, the sense of the body's physiological state, is crucial for athletic performance.
  • The insular cortex processes interoceptive information, influencing bodily awareness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in interoceptive ability between long-distance runners and sprinters.
  • To explore the neural correlates of interoception in these athletes using stimulus-preceding negativity (SPN).

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated interoceptive sensitivity and accuracy using questionnaires and a heartbeat counting task.
  • Recorded SPNs during a time estimation task in long-distance runners and sprinters.

Main Results:

  • Sprinters showed higher interoceptive ability and attention control than long-distance runners.
  • Sprinters exhibited larger SPNs over left centroparietal regions, indicating greater insular cortex activity.

Conclusions:

  • Contrary to predictions, sprinters possess superior interoceptive ability and enhanced insular cortex activation.
  • Sprinters may be more sensitive to internal bodily signals, potentially influencing their performance.