Colchicine Alkaloids and Synthetic Analogues: Current Progress and Perspectives
Iuliia A Gracheva1, Ekaterina S Shchegravina1, Hans-Günther Schmalz2
1Department of Chemistry, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation.
Abstract:
Colchicine, the main alkaloid of Colchicum autumnale, is one of the most famous natural molecules. Although colchicine belongs to the oldest drugs (in use since 1500 BC), its pharmacological potential as a lead structure is not yet fully exploited. This review is devoted to the synthesis and structure-activity relationships (SAR) of colchicine alkaloids and their analogues with modified A, B, and C rings, as well as hybrid compounds derived from colchicinoids including prodrugs, conjugates, and delivery systems. The systematization of a vast amount of information presented to date will create a paradigm for future studies of colchicinoids for neoplastic and various other diseases.
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