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Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
Published on: November 21, 2017
Energy Expenditure and Shivering Severity During Targeted Temperature Management at 36°C After Cardiac Arrest: A Case
Makayla Cordoza1, Lingtak-Neander Chan, Elizabeth Bridges
1Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Dr Cordoza); Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy (Dr Chan), Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, School of Nursing (Drs Bridges and Thompson), and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine (Dr Carlbom), University of Washington, Seattle.
Abstract:
Patients undergoing targeted temperature management (TTM) after cardiac arrest are at risk for shivering, which increases energy expenditure (EE) and may attenuate TTM benefits. This article reports patterns of EE for patients with and without shivering who received TTM at 36°C after cardiac arrest. Based on 96 case assessments, there were 14 occasions when more than one 15-minute interval period was required to appropriately modify the Bedside Shivering Assessment Scale (BSAS) score. Investigators noted that although higher EE was related to higher BSAS scores, there may be opportunities for earlier detection of shivering.
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