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BMI and Cause-Specific Hospital Admissions and Costs: The UK Biobank Cohort Study

Richard O'Halloran1, Borislava Mihaylova1,2, Benjamin J Cairns3,4,5

  • 1Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
|May 22, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Higher body mass index (BMI) is linked to increased hospital admissions and healthcare costs for men and women. This association spans various health conditions, highlighting the financial and health burdens of excess weight.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Understanding the impact of Body Mass Index (BMI) on healthcare utilization is crucial for public health planning.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the relationship between BMI and cause-specific hospital admissions and associated costs in diverse populations.
  • The UK Biobank provides a large-scale dataset for investigating long-term health outcomes related to lifestyle factors like BMI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the effect of Body Mass Index (BMI) on cause-specific hospital admissions.
  • To estimate the financial costs associated with BMI-related hospital admissions.
  • To analyze these effects separately for men and women.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 451,320 men and women aged 40+ in the UK Biobank.
  • Followed participants for an average of 6 years, tracking hospital admissions and costs.
  • Analyzed admission rates and costs by diagnostic category (ICD-10 chapters) in relation to BMI.

Main Results:

  • A 2-kg/m² increase in BMI (above 20 kg/m²) correlated with a 5.7–6.2% rise in admission rates and an 8.4–8.6% increase in annual costs for both men and women.
  • Elevated BMI was associated with higher admission rates and costs for endocrine, skin, musculoskeletal, and circulatory disorders.
  • These associations were observed across a wide spectrum of health conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Body Mass Index (BMI) significantly impacts hospital admission rates and healthcare expenditures.
  • Individuals with BMI above the healthy weight range face higher risks of hospitalization and associated costs.
  • Public health strategies addressing weight management are essential for reducing healthcare burdens.
Abstract

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