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Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

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Published on: August 5, 2013

Coherent optical clock down-conversion for microwave frequencies with 10^-18 instability.

Takuma Nakamura^1,2, Josue Davila-Rodriguez³, Holly Leopardi^3,2

¹Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA. takuma.nakamura@nist.gov franklyn.quinlan@nist.gov.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|May 23, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created a 10-gigahertz microwave signal that precisely mirrors the phase of an optical atomic clock. This breakthrough enables advanced applications in timekeeping, navigation, and scientific imaging.

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Area of Science:

Metrology
Atomic Physics
Signal Processing

Background:

Optical atomic clocks offer superior stability and accuracy over current microwave standards.
Existing electronic systems, crucial for radar, navigation, and communications, are limited by less stable microwave sources.
Bridging the performance gap between optical clocks and electronic domains is essential for technological advancement.

Purpose of the Study:

To transfer the high performance of optical atomic clocks to the electronic domain.
To generate a microwave signal that faithfully replicates the phase of an optical clock.
To enable new applications in time dissemination, navigation, and interferometric imaging.

Main Methods:

Comparing two independent optical-to-electronic signal generators.
Utilizing advanced phase-tracking techniques.
Characterizing the frequency instability of the generated microwave signal.

Main Results:

Demonstrated a 10-gigahertz microwave signal with phase tracking the optical clock.
Achieved an absolute fractional frequency instability of 1 × 10^-18 in the electronic domain.
Confirmed faithful reproduction of the optical clock phase in the derived microwave signal.

Conclusions:

The developed method successfully transfers optical clock performance to the electronic domain.
This technology significantly enhances the potential of optical clocks for practical applications.
Opens new avenues for precision time dissemination, enhanced navigation systems, and long-baseline interferometric imaging.