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Synthesis and Calibration of Phosphorescent Nanoprobes for Oxygen Imaging in Biological Systems
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Oxygen-sensing mechanisms in cells.

James W Wilson1, Dilem Shakir1, Michael Batie1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK.

The FEBS Journal
|May 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oxygen is crucial for life and acts as a signaling molecule impacting gene expression. This review explores oxygen

Keywords:
2-OG dioxygenasesHIFJmjC histone demethylasesNF-kappaBPHDschromatinhydroxylationhypoxiatranscription

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Physiology

Background:

  • Oxygen is essential for aerobic organisms and bioenergetics, particularly in mitochondria.
  • Cellular oxygen sensing mechanisms have been extensively studied, leading to Nobel Prize-winning discoveries.
  • Emerging research reveals oxygen's broader role as a signaling molecule in diverse molecular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the known and unknown functions of oxygen as a signaling molecule.
  • To highlight the role of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases in cellular oxygen responses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of oxygen signaling pathways.
  • Focus on gene expression control mechanisms related to oxygen.
  • Analysis of the function of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases.

Main Results:

  • Oxygen's role extends beyond bioenergetics to gene expression regulation.
  • 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases are key mediators of oxygen-dependent cellular responses.
  • Significant gaps remain in understanding the full scope of oxygen's signaling functions.

Conclusions:

  • Oxygen is a critical signaling molecule influencing numerous cellular processes, especially gene expression.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex mechanisms of oxygen signaling.
  • 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases represent a central hub in cellular adaptation to oxygen fluctuations.